### Origins of the surname "He" 1. It originated from the surname "Ji". It evolved from the surname "Han" due to phonetic changes. According to *Yuanhe Xingzuan* (A Compilation of Surnames in the Yuanhe Era), King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty enfeoffed his younger brother Shu Yu in Han. His grandson, King An of Han, originally lived in the city of Han (some say it was in Hejin County, Shanxi Province). The state of Han was later destroyed by the state of Qin. The descendants of King An of Han scattered between the Yangtze and Huai rivers. In the dialects of these regions, the pronunciation of "Han" changed to "He", and thus the surname "He" emerged. 2. According to *The History of the Five Dynasties*, there were people with the surname "He" in the Tuyuhun ethnic group. Also, according to *The Book of Tang*, "He" was one of the "Nine Surnames of Zhaowu". During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there was the Kang State in Shaowu City north of the Qilian Mountains (now Linze County, Gansu Province). After being defeated by the Xiongnu, the Kang people migrated to Central Asia and established nine small states, namely An, Cao, He, Kang, Shi, Mi, Shi, Huoxun, and Wudi. During the Yonghui reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, the people with the "Nine Surnames of Zhaowu" successively submitted to the central court, including those with the surname "He". 3. In the Han Dynasty, there was a person named He Miao, who originally had the surname "Zhu" but assumed the surname "He". This is recorded in *The Book of Han: Annals of Five Elements*. His descendants all became prominent families. 4. According to *The Gazetteer of Lanzhou Prefecture*, in the Yuan Dynasty, there was a Tibetan pacification commissioner named Suonan. His son, Suoming, was appointed as the deputy commander of Hezhou Guard in the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty bestowed the surname "He" on him.

The origin of the surname "He" is as follows: 1. It was changed from the surname "Qing". According to "Tongzhi - Clan Strategy", during the Spring and Autumn Period, Gongsun Qingke, the grandson of Duke Huan of Qi, had a son named Qing Feng, who took his father's name as the surname. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named Qing Chun who served as Shizhong. At that time, Liu Qing, the father of Emperor An of Han, was the King of Qinghe. To avoid the taboo of the King of Qinghe's name, Qing Chun changed his surname to "He" (because the characters "He" and "Qing" have similar meanings). Therefore, the surname "He" only emerged after the first year of Yongchu (107 AD) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. 2. It was changed from a compound surname of the Xianbei ethnic group. According to "Wei Shu - Records of Official Titles", during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the compound surname "Helan" from the northern part of the Dai region moved south to Luoyang with Emperor Xiaowen of Wei and then settled in the Central Plains, and later adopted the Han surname "He".

The origin of the surname "He": I. It is said to be the descendants of Xihe, who was in charge of astronomy and laws during the time of Emperor Yao. According to "Yuanhe Xingzuan", "Xihe was an official in charge of heaven and earth during the time of Emperor Yao. Hezhong and Heshu took it as their surname." This is a statement fabricated by later generations based on myths. II. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was Bian He in the State of Chu. He found a piece of uncarved jade (an unpolished jade stone). He presented it to the King of Chu twice but was considered to be offering a fake. He was accused of deceiving the king and had his two feet cut off respectively. After King Wen of Chu ascended the throne, Bian He hugged the jade and wept under Mount Jing. King Wen of Chu sent someone to get the jade. After carving, it turned out to be a precious jade, which was called the "He Shi Bi" (He's Precious Jade). There were people with the surname "He" among Bian He's descendants. III. It was changed from a compound surname of the Xianbei ethnic group. According to "Tongzhi - Shizu Lue", during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a compound surname "Suheshi" in the Northern Wei Dynasty in areas north of the Great Wall. They were descendants of Tan Shihuai of the Xianbei ethnic group. Since they were originally from the White Tribe, they were called "Suhe". After entering the Central Plains, they changed their surname to the Han surname "He".