Migration and Distribution The Hong surname is not ranked among the top 100 surnames in both the Chinese mainland and Taiwan. The Hong surname originated from Hong Yan, a senior official of the State of Wei during the Spring and Autumn Period. He was a subject of Yi Gong, the Duke of Wei, and was highly appreciated by the monarch, often entrusted with important tasks. His descendants adopted the Hong surname. In the Tang Dynasty, due to the need to avoid naming conflicts with Li Hong, a close relative of the royal family, the Hong family changed their surname to Li. However, the Hong surname was not completely extinct. After several generations, some descendants of the Hong family resumed using the Hong surname. During the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo, a native of Zhending (present - day Zhengding, Hebei), served as the magistrate of Longchuan County in Nanhai Commandery and later became the governor of Nanhai. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, he annexed the three commanderies of Guilin, Nanhai, and Xiang and established the Nanyue Kingdom. He was enfeoffed as the King of Nanyue by Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty. Thereafter, Zhao Tuo's descendants multiplied in the areas of present - day Guangdong and Guangxi. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, due to the chaos caused by Dong Zhuo in the capital, Zhao Da, a native of Luoyang, took refuge and moved to Jiangdong. During the Zongzhang period of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, Zhao Duan, a native of the Central Plains, accompanied Chen Zheng and Chen Yuanguang and their sons into Fujian to develop Zhangzhou. During the Five Dynasties period, when Liu Yan established the Southern Han regime in Guangzhou, the three brothers Zhao Guangyi, Zhao Guangfeng, and Zhao Guangyin from Luoyang settled in Nanhai. The father - son pair Zhao Tingyin and Zhao Chongtao from Kaifeng settled in Chengdu, Sichuan because they served in the Later Shu. In the early Southern Song Dynasty, Zhao Yongxian from Kaifeng fled south with Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty and settled in Changshu, Jiangsu. Zhao Fan from Zhengzhou moved to Shangrao, Jiangxi. After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, the royal Zhao clan scattered to Penghu and Chaoyang and other places and later developed and multiplied in Fujian and Guangdong. Since the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, some Zhao people from Fujian and Guangdong successively moved to Taiwan, and later many of them moved overseas, spreading to some countries and regions in Europe, America, and Southeast Asia.

Hong Juefan A native of Xinchang in the Song Dynasty. He was remarkable for his calligraphy. Zou Yuanzuo, also from the same county, was extraordinary for his divination skills, and Peng Yuancai was outstanding for his musical talent. They were known as the Three Wonders of Xinchang. Hong Xingzu A native of Danyang in the Southern Song Dynasty. From 1090 to 1155, with the courtesy name Qing Shan. He was summoned to take the imperial examination at the Hanlin Academy together with Kong Duanming, Zhang Bing, and Zhou Lin, and ranked first. He held the position of a secretary in the Secretariat. Hong Kuo A native of Poyang in the Southern Song Dynasty. With the courtesy name Jingbo. He and his brothers Hong Zun and Hong Mai successively passed the imperial examination in the literary genre, and since then, the works of the three Hongs became well - known across the country. Hong Hao A native of Poyang in the Southern Song Dynasty. From 1088 to 1115, with the courtesy name Guangbi. He once served as an envoy to the Jin Kingdom and was detained there for fifteen years but remained unyielding. People at that time compared him to Su Wu. He initially served as the chief clerk in Ninghai, acting as the county magistrate. He reduced taxes and provided relief to the poor, winning the hearts of the people. Hong Liangji A native of Yanghu, Jiangsu in the Qing Dynasty. From 1746 to 1809, with the courtesy name Junzhi. He was a Jinshi (successful candidate in the highest imperial examination) and held the position of a compiler. He was well - versed in classics, history, phonology, and geography, and was also good at writing poems and essays, with numerous works. He lost his father in his childhood and supported his mother by teaching. He once painted the picture "The Sound of the Loom and the Glow of the Lamp" to remember his mother's hard work and teachings.

Migration and Distribution (Lack of information) The Hong surname is not listed among the top 100 surnames in the Hundred Family Surnames in both the Chinese mainland and Taiwan. During the Spring and Autumn Period, among the royal descendants of the State of Chu, there was a prince named Zhi, also known as Xiong Hong. Among his descendants, in order to show their ancestral royal status, they took their ancestor's name as the surname and called themselves the Hong Clan. Another theory is that in the early Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Liu Bang of the Han Dynasty enfeoffed his younger brother born of the same mother, Liu Jiao, as the King of Chu Yuan. Liu Jiao's son, Liu Fu, was first enfeoffed as the Marquis of Xiu and later as the Marquis of Hong, with his fiefdom in Hong (the present - day Hongting west of Xiaoxian County, Anhui Province). His descendants later took the name of the fiefdom as the surname and were called the Hong Clan. In the Han Dynasty, there was a place called "Hong" near the southwest of the present - day Xiaoxian County, Jiangsu Province, and most of the residents there took Hong as their surname. The Hong Clan, which originated from the State of Chu, was located in the present - day Shanxi Province according to historical records. The prominent branch of the clan was based in Changping Commandery (east of present - day Changping District, Beijing).