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Migration and Distribution The Li family first thrived in the area of the ancient Li State, which is present - day Licheng County, Shanxi Province. As early as the Warring States period, the Li clan began to migrate outward. According to the "Genealogy of the Li Family", during the Warring States period, "Some members of the Li clan settled down because of official positions, while others took shelter in different places. Thus, they moved westward to Liang (now in Shaanxi) and Yi (now Jinning County, Yunnan), eastward to Qing and Xu (now in Shandong and Jiangsu), southward to Jiao and Guang (now in Guangxi, Guangdong and northern Vietnam), and northward to Yan and Ji (now in Hebei)." By the Han Dynasty, some Li people had moved to Jiangxi and Hunan. During the Wei, Jin, and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to the wars in the north, the Li family migrated southward again. In the following years, they mainly thrived and migrated in southern regions. Some Li people also moved to Zhejiang and Fujian. After the Song and Ming Dynasties, the Li family gradually spread all over the country, but they were still mostly distributed in the south. In other words, historically, the Li clan has been a typical southern surname in China.

Li Er (i.e., Laozi), an important philosopher in the late Spring and Autumn Period. He advocates nature and puts forward the idea that "Man follows the Earth, the Earth follows Heaven, Heaven follows the Dao, and the Dao follows nature." He is the founder of "Taoism," an important philosophical thought in China. Li Shimin (599 - 649) Li Bai (701 - 762), the greatest romantic poet in China. His ancestral home is Qin'an, Gansu. He is known as the "Immortal Poet." Li Zicheng (1606 - 1645), the leader of the peasant uprising army at the end of the Ming Dynasty. His nickname is "Chuangwang." He is from Mizhi, Shaanxi. Li Hongzhang (1823 - 1901), with the courtesy name Shaoyuan. He is from Hefei, Anhui. He is a statesman of the Qing Dynasty. He made contributions to suppressing the Nian Rebellion and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. He successively served as the governor of Zhili, Huguang, and Guangdong and Guangxi. He is especially good at diplomacy and has represented the Qing government in signing treaties with foreign countries many times. Later, he died of vomiting blood due to overwork and was posthumously granted the title of the First - Rank Marquis. His posthumous title is "Wenzhong."

Migration and Distribution (Lack of information) The Li family name is not among the top 100 surnames in the mainland and Taiwan. There are three origins of the Li clan. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the founder of Taoism, Laozi, had an ancestor named Li Zhen, and some of his descendants took the surname Li. During the Zhou Dynasty, a prince of the Chu State was enfeoffed in an area called Li, so his descendants were known as the Li clan. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Chi Li clan also changed their surname to Li. Some people believe that the Li clan is of the same ancestry as the Li family, because one of the origins of the Li family is Li Lizhen, who, while taking refuge, quenched his thirst with plums from a plum tree. He was also the ancestor of Laozi, the founder of Taoism in the Spring and Autumn Period, and some of his descendants took the character "Li" from his name as their surname. During the Zhou Dynasty, a prince of the Chu State was enfeoffed in an area called Li, so his descendants took the name of the fief as their surname and were called the Li clan. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, some descendants of the Chi Li clan also changed their surname to Li. According to "Lu Shi", there was a Li clan after Laozi. Laozi's ancestor was named Li Zhen, and later it became a surname. Also, "Xing Zuan" records that "A prince of the Chu State had his fief in Li and thus took the surname." The notable origin of the clan is Henan.

### Migration and Distribution The Li surname is not among the top 100 surnames in the Chinese mainland and Taiwan. After Dayu established the Xia Dynasty, out of respect for the great figures of ancient times, especially Huangdi, he enfeoffed Huangdi's descendants in the place called Li (northeast of present - day Neixiang County, Henan Province), allowing them to establish the State of Li. The descendants of the royal family of the State of Li took the place - name as their surname and passed it down from generation to generation. This is the earliest origin of the Li surname today. During the struggle between Chu and Han, there was Li Yiji from Chenliu (southeast of present - day Kaifeng, Henan). He was originally a gatekeeper in the neighborhood. Because he offered a plan to capture Chenliu and made great contributions, he was conferred the title of Lord Guangye. Li Yiji often served as an envoy, traveling between the vassal states. Later, he persuaded Qi, and with his eloquence, he convinced Qi to surrender 72 cities. When Han Xin attacked Qi, Qi thought that Li Yiji had betrayed them and thus boiled him alive. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Li Daoyuan loved literature and was eager to learn. He read a large number of rare books and wrote 40 volumes of *Commentary on the Water Classic*. He also had 13 chapters of *Local Chronicles* and works such as *Seven Invitations* and other articles, all of which were widely circulated. The ancients described these two men as "experts in the art of persuasion and the compiler of water - related records". At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Hong, with the courtesy name Zhengda, served as the Commander of the Imperial Guard. His son, Li Lun, with the courtesy name Tianxu, was the prefect of Shaoxing. When he heard the news that his father died in the national disaster, he settled his family in Taiping Village, Zhuji County, Zhejiang Province. Then he took his sons Deyi and De'er on a long - distance journey to Danyang to search for his father's remains. On the way, due to grief and worry, he fell ill and died at Guning Temple in Danyang. Deyi and De'er buried their grandfather and father in Mazhuang Village on the south side of the canal. Later, Li Hong was posthumously awarded the title of General Protecting the Country of the Dragon - Tiger Upper Auxiliary Army and was respected as the founding ancestor of the Li clan in Danyang. Deyi and De'er settled down in Jizhuang Village, Lingkou to guard the ancestral tombs and worship their ancestors. From then on, the Li clan thrived and multiplied in Danyang. The 11th - generation descendant of Li Hong, Li Hao, had three sons named Lian, Xiang, and Xi. Their descendants have lived in Dongcai Village, Lingkou for generations. In the late Ming Dynasty, Jialin and Jiafeng (branches from Dongcai), the 14th - generation descendants of Li Hong, made a living by setting up a stall near Yongji Nunnery beside the Grand Canal. It was a severe winter, with water freezing at every drop and the river surface sealed, which blocked the boats. Suddenly, they saw a scholar shivering in thin clothes and suffering from hunger. After asking, they learned that he also had the surname Li and was from Zhuji, Zhejiang. The two brothers, considering him as a member of the same clan, invited him to their home and entertained him for several days. When he was leaving, they also gave him some travel expenses. Three years later, the two brothers' wives died, and their children were young. Their livelihood became more and more difficult. They once went to Zhejiang with the scholar to make a living, got married and had children in Zhuji, and rebuilt their families, which lasted for more than 10 years. Later, they returned to Danyang and settled in Pengjia Village, Daying Mountain. Li Jialin's eldest son, Li Sifang, stayed in the old house; the second son, Li Sichun, moved to Yunyang; the third son, Li Siyou, moved to Wangdezhuang. Li Jiafeng's son, Sizheng, settled in Liuru. According to the last genealogy in the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), the Li clan in Danyang had gone through 27 generations. Today, there are many people with the Li surname in Zhaoxiang and Shaoxiang in Lingkou. In addition, there are also many Li clan members living in Lixiang in Jinglin, Daying Mountain in Huqiao, Jiuxian in Xinggong, Liuru in Yanling, and Lijia in Baota Bay of Yunyang Town (the rest is omitted).